NCERT Solution For Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship

Citizenship is an important aspect of Political Science and it is crucial to understand its concept thoroughly. This article provides comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship, along with additional questions from competitive exams such as UPSC, PSC, and others. The solutions have been written by the PSB Team, who have made a significant contribution in providing high-quality educational content for students.

What you will learn here?

In this article, you will find NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship along with the additional long and short type questions.

The NCERT Solutions are designed to help students understand the chapter thoroughly and prepare effectively for their exams. With the help of these solutions, students can score better marks and improve their overall performance. Additionally, the additional questions will provide students with the opportunity to test their understanding of the chapter from an exam perspective.

Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship Textbook Solved Exercise

Question 1.
Citizenship as full and equal membership of a political community involves both rights and obligations. Which rights could citizens expect to enjoy in most democratic state today? What kind of obligation will they have to their state and fellow citizens?

Answer:

Citizenship is a term that refers to full and equal membership in a political community, which involves both rights and obligations. In democratic states, citizens can expect to enjoy several rights, including political rights such as the right to vote and participate in elections, civil rights such as the freedom of speech, religion, and press, and socio-economic rights like the right to education and a minimum wage. These rights have been won through historical struggles and are considered to be the cornerstone of citizenship, with equality of rights and status being one of the key principles.

However, citizenship is not just a relationship between the state and its members, but also involves the obligations of citizens to each other and to society as a whole. This includes not only legal obligations imposed by the state, but also moral obligations to participate in and contribute to the shared life of the community. Citizens are also considered as the inheritors and trustees of the culture and natural resources of the country and have a responsibility to preserve and maintain them for future generations.

While the concept of citizenship is widely accepted, there are still groups who question its meaning and feel that it does not take into account their needs and aspirations. These groups often work to raise awareness about their rights and to influence government policy to ensure equal opportunities and rights. Despite the ongoing struggles, citizenship remains an important aspect of political life and is a critical aspect of belonging and identity in a democratic state.

Question 2.
All citizens may be granted equal rights but all may not be able to equally exercise them. Explain.

Answer:

Equal rights for citizens means that every individual, regardless of their wealth or status, should be guaranteed certain basic rights and a minimum standard of living by the state. However, the reality is that not all citizens are able to equally exercise these rights due to various societal, economic, and political factors.

For example, the urban poor population in India, who are often viewed as a burden on the city’s resources, face numerous obstacles in exercising their rights. The living conditions in slums are often shocking with people living in cramped spaces without access to basic amenities such as private toilets, running water, or sanitation. As a result, the urban poor may be denied access to basic political rights such as the right to vote, as they may not have a fixed address to be included in the voter list.

Similarly, tribal people and forest dwellers face threats to their way of life and livelihood due to increasing populations, commercial interests, and the tourist industry. Governments are struggling with how to protect these groups while also promoting development, which is a challenge for ensuring equal rights for all citizens.

It is also important to note that equal rights for citizens do not necessarily mean uniform policies for all people, as different groups of people may have different needs. The concept of equal citizenship would mean taking into account the different needs and claims of different groups when framing policies to ensure that all citizens are given equal rights and protection.

In conclusion, while all citizens may be granted equal rights by law, the reality is that not all citizens are able to equally exercise these rights due to various societal, economic, and political factors. Therefore, it is the duty of the government to continuously interpret and evolve its policies to ensure equal rights and protection for all citizens.

Question 3.
Write a short note on any two struggles for full enjoyment of citizen rights which have taken place in India in recent years. Which rights were being claimed in each case?

Answer:

Right to Privacy:

In 2017, the Supreme Court of India declared the right to privacy as a fundamental right under the Constitution of India. This decision was in response to several petitions challenging the validity of the Aadhaar Act. The act required citizens to provide personal details such as biometric and demographic information to the government in order to receive benefits and services. This led to concerns regarding the privacy of personal data and its potential misuse. The right to privacy being declared as a fundamental right ensured that citizens had the right to control their own personal information and to make decisions about who had access to it.

Right to Food:

The Right to Food campaign is a struggle for the right to food security for all citizens in India. The campaign demands the government to implement policies that ensure the availability of food, its access to the poor, and its quality. This struggle was initiated in response to the widespread hunger and malnutrition faced by a large section of the Indian population. The Right to Food campaign demands that the government should provide food subsidies and other forms of support to ensure that everyone has access to food, regardless of their financial status. This struggle highlights the importance of the right to food as a basic necessity for all citizens to lead a dignified life.

Question 4.
What are some of the problems faced by refugees? In what ways could the concept of global citizenship benefit them?

Answer:

Problems faced by refugees include:

• Forced displacement from their home due to war, persecution, famine, or other reasons
• Difficulty in finding a state willing to accept them
• Statelessness and lack of legal status in a country
• Inability to legally work, educate their children, or acquire property
• Forced to live in camps or as illegal migrants
• Lack of political identity and security

The concept of global citizenship could benefit refugees by:

• Providing a solution to the problems faced by stateless peoples and migrants
• Providing basic rights and protection regardless of the country in which they may be living
• Making it easier to find an acceptable solution to issues of migrants and stateless peoples
• Strengthening the feeling of a global society and shared concerns across national boundaries
• Making it easier to deal with problems which extend across national boundaries and require cooperative action by the people and governments of many states
• Providing a framework for human rights protection at a global level.

Question 5.
Migration of people to different regions within the country is often resisted by the local inhabitants. What are some of the contributions that the migrants could make to the local economy?

Answer:

Migrants can make several contributions to the local economy:

1. Labor force: Migrants can bring in new skills and labor to fill labor shortages, providing a boost to the local workforce and economy.
2. Consumer demand: Migrants can increase demand for goods and services, which can lead to job creation and economic growth in the local area.
3. Entrepreneurship: Migrants can bring new business ideas and create jobs by starting their own businesses.
4. Tax revenue: Migrants can contribute to the local economy by paying taxes and contributing to the local tax base.
5. Cultural diversity: Migrants can also bring new cultural experiences and perspectives to the local community, which can enrich the local community and increase cultural awareness.

It’s important to note that while migrants can bring these benefits, they also may face challenges in integrating into the local economy, such as language barriers or discrimination. Supporting the integration of migrants into the local economy through policies and programs can help maximize their positive impact.

Question 6.
“Democratic citizenship is a project rather than an accomplished fact even in countries like India which grant equal citizenship”. Discuss some of the issues regarding citizenship being raised in India today.

Answer:

In India, citizenship is a complex issue with various dimensions to it, including legal, cultural, economic, and political aspects. The following are some of the issues regarding citizenship being raised in India today:

1. Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA): The CAA has sparked nationwide protests due to its perceived exclusion of Muslims from the eligibility criteria for citizenship. Critics argue that it violates India’s secular principles and undermines the country’s democratic values.
2. National Register of Citizens (NRC): The NRC, which aims to identify illegal immigrants, has faced criticism for being implemented arbitrarily and for being biased against certain communities, particularly Muslims.
3. Discrimination and marginalization of certain communities: There are reports of discrimination and marginalization of certain communities, including Dalits, tribals, and religious minorities, who are denied equal rights and opportunities as citizens.
4. Lack of access to essential services: Many citizens, especially those from marginalized communities, face difficulties in accessing essential services such as healthcare, education, and housing, due to lack of proper documentation and bureaucratic hurdles.
5. Political representation: There are concerns about the representation of different communities and regions in India’s political system, as well as about the role of money and power in shaping electoral outcomes.

These issues highlight the challenges that India faces in realizing its vision of democratic citizenship, where all citizens are treated equally and enjoy equal rights and opportunities.